2009年5月9日 星期六

轉貼-聽說這是螞蟻寓言…

The Ant
螞蟻的故事

A Fable...
一個寓言…

Or
或者

May be not....
不是個寓言而是個真的故事....


Every day, a small ant arrives at work very early and starts work immediately.
每天,小螞蟻很早來上工,並且一來就開始做事。

She produces a lot was happy.
她的生產力很高,並且工作愉快。

The Chief, a lion, was surprised to see that the ant was working without supervision.
身為老闆的獅子,非常驚奇螞蟻能自行工作而不須監督。

He thought if the ant can produce so much without supervision, wouldn’t she produce even more if she had a pervisor!
他認為在沒有監督下的螞蟻生產力是如此的好,如果有人監督的話她的生產力應該會更好才對!

So he recruited a cockroach who had extensive experience as supervisor and who was famous for writing excellent reports.
因此他招募了有豐富經驗的蟑螂作為監督員,蟑螂以擅長撰寫優良報告而聞名。

The cockroach’s first decision was to set up a clocking in attendance system.
蟑螂的第一個決定是設立了打卡計時系統。

He also needed a secretary to help him write and type his reports and …
他也需要一個秘書幫助他繕寫和鍵入報告和……

... he recruited a spider, who managed the archives and monitored all phone calls.
他招募了蜘蛛,負責管理檔案和監管所有電話。

The lion was delighted with the cockroach's reports and asked him to produce graphs to describe production rates and to analyse trends, so that he could use them for presentations at Board‘s meetings.
獅子對蟑螂的報告非常高興並要求他用圖表描述生產率和分析趨勢變化,因而他能在董事會上用這些資料來報告。

So the cockroach had to buy a new computer and a laser printer and ...
因此蟑螂必須買一臺新的電腦和雷射印表機和…

... recruited a fly to manage the IT department.
.. 並招募蒼蠅來管理資訊部門。

The ant, who had once been so productive and relaxed, hated this new plethora of paperwork and meetings which used up most of her time…!
曾經是很有生產力和輕鬆的螞蟻,恨透了這些耗盡她大多數時間的過多文書作業和會議…!

The lion came to the conclusion that it was high time to nominate a person in charge of the department where the ant worked.
獅子做出結論這是提名螞蟻工作部門負責人的時候了。

The position was given to the cicada, whose first decision was to buy a carpet and an ergonomic chair for his office.
這個位置被賦予給了蟬,蟬的第一個決定是為他的辦公室買一張地毯和一把符合人體工學的椅子。

The new person in charge, the cicada, also needed a computer and a personal assistant, who he brought from his previous department, to help him prepare a Work and Budget Control Strategic Optimisation Plan …
新的人負責,蟬,也需要一部電腦和一位從他原 先部門帶來的個人助理,來幫助他準備工作和預算控制策略優化計劃…

The Department where the ant works is now a sad place, where nobody laughs anymore and everybody has become upset...
螞蟻工作的部門現在是一個哀傷的地方,不再有人會笑,而且大家變得抓狂…

It was at that time that the cicada convinced the boss , the lion, of the absolute necessity to start a climatic study of the environment .
就是那時蟬說服獅子上司,強調要開始進行組織氣候調查的绝對必要性。

Having reviewed the charges for running the ant’s department , the lion found out that the production was much less than before.
在審查了螞蟻的部門運作費用後,獅子發現生產力比以前大幅減少。

So he recruited the owl , a prestigious and renowned consultant to carry out an audit and suggest solutions.
所以他招募了貓頭鷹,一位有名望和顯耀的顧問來執行稽核工作並建議解決之道。

The owl spent three months in the department and came up with an enormous report , in several volumes,that concluded :
“ The department is overstaffed ...”
貓頭鷹在部門待了三個月並且產生了一份有數冊之多的巨大的報告,結論是:「部門成員人數過多…」

Guess who the lion fires first?
猜猜獅子首先解雇誰?

The ant , of course, because she “showed lack of motivation and had a negative attitude".
當然,是螞蟻,因為她「顯現出缺乏做事的動機並且態度消極」。

2009年4月16日 星期四

英文寫作實用85句型

一. 「起」的適用句型
1. As a general rule, S + V. [一般而言,.....]
As a general rule,the traffic from 7 a.m. to 8 a.m. is quite heavy.
2. As a rule, S + V. [一般而言,.....]
As a rule,students in Taiwan rise early in the morning.
3. As far as I know, S + V. [據我所知,.....]
As far as I know, the housekeeper is very kind and generous.
4. As the saying is(goes), S + V. [常言道,...]
As the saying goes,curiosity kills the cat.
5. Everybody knows that + S +V [眾所皆知,...]
Everybody knows that it is cold in winter.
6. Generally speaking , S + V. [一般而言,...]
Generally speaking ,people earn a lot of money by working hard.
7. I’m of the opinion + that子句. [依我所見,...]
I’m of the opinion that you should help your sister.
8. In general, S + V. [一般而言,...]
In general,primary education is essential.
9. In my opinion, S + V. [依我所見,.....]
In my opinion,we must preserve natural resources.
10. It goes without saying + that子句. [不用說,.....]
It goes without saying that I love you more than anyone in the world.
11. Needless to say, S + V. [不用說,......]
Needless to say, he is too weak to work in the factory.
12. .No one can deny + that子句. [沒有人可以否認.......]
No one can deny that Einstein is the greatest inventor in the history.
13. On the average, S + V. [一般而言,.......]
On the average, Joe workds harder than May.
14. Strange to say, S + V. [說來奇怪,......]
Strange to say,I got a phone call but no one spoke.
15. To the best of my knowledge, S + V. [據我所知,......]
To the best of my knowledge,Kevin goes shopping on weekends.
二.「承」的適用句型
1. According to +N, S + V. [根據.....,......]
According to the news,there was a man run over by a truck yesterday.
2. As a matter of fact, S + V. [實際上,.......]
As a matter of fact,Joe is a millionaire.
3. As far as I’m concerned, S + V. [就我而論,....]
As far as I’m concerned,Mary performed the best on the stage.
4. As for(to) + N, S + V. [至於.....,......]
As for my favorite novel, Harry Potter is definitely my favor.
5. As things are(go), S + V. [根據現在的情況,....]
6. First of all, S + V. [首先,...]
First of all,you have to prepare for your test carefully.
7. For example(instance), S + V. [例如,....]
For example,you can work out in the gym every day to lose weight.
8. For one thing, S + V ; for another, S + V. [一則...; 其次....]
9. I often hear it said + that子句. [我常聽說......]
10.I take it for granted + that子句. [我認為...是理所當然的]
I take it for granted that people should help each other.
11.In addition, S + V. [此外,...]
In addition,we have to donate to the charitable organization.
12.In effect(fact, practice), S + V. [事實上,....]
In effect,we meditate every morning to refresh ourselves.
13.In other words, S + V. [換句話說,.....]
In other words,we check up our bodies and mind every day.
14.In spite of + N, S + V. [雖然... , ...]
In spite of rain,we still went on an outing.
15.In the first place, S + V. [首先,....]
In the first place,we practice our breath a lot.
16. People(They) say + that子句. [據說....]
People(They) say that the widow is rich.
17. There goes(is) a proverb + that子句. [有句俗話說,...]
There goes(is) a proverb + that many men, many tongues.
18. To begin with, S + V. [首先,....]
To begin with,I would like to introduce myself.
19. To my delight, S + V. [令我高興地,....]
To my delight,the teacher said that we didn't have a test today.
20. To my disappointment, S + V. [令我失望地,...]
To my disappointment,my girlfriend did't turn up at my party.
21. To my satisfaction, S + V. [令我滿意地,...]
To my satisfaction,Joe turned in his report on time.
22. To my surprise, S + V. [令我驚訝地,...]
To my surprise,all of my friends came to see me in the hospital.
23. To cite(take) an example, S + V. [舉個例子,... ]
To cite an example,Joe won the tennis competition in 1985.
24. To tell the truth, S + V. [老實說,...]
To tell the truth,I have loved you for 10 years.
25. What seems to be the problem is + that子句. [問題似乎是...]
What seems to be the problem is that you never communicate with us before making a decision.

三、「轉」的適用句型
1. As affairs(matters) stand, S + V. [ 就以現在情形來說,...]
2. By the way, S + V. [順便一提,...]
3. But on the other hand, S + V. [但是另一方面...]
4. But the crux is + that子句. [但是癥結是...]
5. Can you imagine that子句 (or wh- + S + V)? [你能想像...嗎? ]
6. Can we forget + N (or that子句 or wh- + S + V) ? [我們能夠忘記...嗎? ]
7. From now on(onwards), S + V. [從現在起,...]
8. If only + S + V. (用假設法) [但願...]
9. In the mean time, S + V. [同時...]
10. In this manner, S + V. [如此一來,...]
11. Indeed, + S + V, but + S + V. [沒錯...,但是... ]
12. It’s high(about) time for + O + to V. [該是...的時候 ]
13. On condition that子句, S + V. [如果...,... ]
14. On the contrary, S + V. [相反地,...]
15. Seeing(Now) that子句, S + V. [既然...,... ]
16. To make matters worse, S + V. [更糟的是,...]
17. We must recognize that + S + V. [我們必須承認...]
18. We cannot ...too.... [我們越...越好... ]
19. What do you say to + Ving (or N) ? [...如何? ]
20. What if + S + V? [要是...該怎麼辦? ]
21. What is the use of + Ving ? [...又有什麼用? ]
22. Who doesn’t + V ? [誰又不...呢? ]
23. Would you like to V ? [你想...嗎? ]
24. S + V, not to mention (speak of) + N. [...,更甭說...]
He can read the articles on CNN's website, not to mention junior high school's materials.
25. S + V; that is (to say ) , S + V. [...;那就是,... ]
四、「合」的適用句型
1. Above all (things), S + V. [ 最重要地,...]
2. According to the aforementioned, S + V. [綜觀上述所云,...]
3. As a result, S + V. [結果,...]
4. As a whole, S + V. [總而言之,...]
5. As long as +子句, S + V, [只要...,....]
6. As we know from the above, S + V. [由上敘我們可知,...]
7. At any cost(rate), we should V. [無論如何,我們應該... ]
8. At all events (costs), we should V. [ 無論如何,我們應該...]
9. By and large, S + V. [大體而言,...]
10. First and last, S + V. [總之,...]
11. I’m confident + that子句. [我自信...]
12. In brief(short), S + V. [簡而言之,...]
13. In conclusion, we should V. [總之,我們應該...]
14. Only by this can we + V. [只有如此,我們才能... ]
15. On the whole, S + V. [總而言之,...]
16. To be brief(short), S + V. [簡而言之,...]
17. To return, S + V. [言歸正傳,...]
To return, we must love the earth.
18. To sum up (conclude), S + V. [總之,...]
To sum up , it's never too late to learn.
19. Under no circumstances should we + V. [無論無何,我們絕不...]
Under no circumstances should we take drugs.
20. What we must do is + V. [我們只要...就可以了]
What we must do is save our money.

吵架英語109句

001.Stop complaining! 別發牢騷!
002.You make me sick! 你真讓我噁心!
003.What's wrong with you? 你怎麼回事?
004.You shouldn't have done that! 你真不應該那樣做!
005.You're a jerk! 你是個廢物/混球!
006.Don't talk to me like that! 別那樣和我說話!
007.Who do you think you are? 你以為你是誰?
008.What's your problem? 你怎麼回事啊?
009.I hate you! 我討厭你!
010.I don't want to see your face! 我不願再見到你!
011.You're crazy! 你瘋了!
012.Are you insane/crazy/out of your mind? 你瘋了嗎?(美國人絕對常用)
013.Don't bother me. 別煩我。
014.Knock it off. 少來這一套。
015.Get out of my face. 從我面前消失!
016.Leave me alone. 走開。
017.Get lost. 滾開!
018.Take a hi ke! 哪兒涼快哪兒歇菪h吧。
019.You piss me off. 你氣死我了。
020.It's none of your business. 關你屁事!
021.What's the meaning of this? 這是什麼意思?
022.How dare you! 你敢!
023.Cut it out. 省省吧。
024.You stupid jerk! 你這蠢豬!
025.You have a lot of nerve. 臉皮真厚。
026.I'm fed up. 我厭倦了。
027.I can't take it anymore. 我受不了了!(常用)
028.I've had enough of your garbage. 我聽膩了你的廢話。
029.Shut up! 閉嘴!
030.What do you want? 你想怎麼樣?
031.Do you know what time it is? 你知道現在都幾點嗎?
032.What were you thinking? 你腦子進水啊?
033.How can you say that? 你怎麼可以這樣說?
034.Who says? 誰說的?
035.That's what you think! 那才是你腦子裏想的!
036.Don't look at me like that. 別那樣看著我。
037.What did you say? 你說什麼?
038.You are out of your mind. 你腦子有毛病!
039.You make me so mad. 你氣死我了啦。
040.Drop dead. 去死吧!
041.fXXk off. 滾蛋。
042.Don't give me your fish. 別跟我 胡扯。
043.Don't give me your excuses/No more excuses. O找藉口。
044.You're a pain in the ass. 你這討厭鬼。
045.You're an asshole. 你這缺德鬼。
046.You bastard! 你這雜種!
047.Get over yourself. 別自以為是。
048.You're nothing to me. 你對我什麼都不是。
049.It's not my fault. 不是我的錯。
050.You look guilty. 你看起來心虛。
051.I can't help it. 我沒辦法。
052.That's your problem. 那是你的問題。
053.I don't want to hear it. 我不想聽!
054.Get off my back. 少跟我囉嗦。
055.Give me a break. 饒了我吧。
056.Who do you think youre talking to? 你以為你在跟誰說話?
057.Look at this mess! 看看這爛攤子!
058.Youre so careless. 你真粗心。
059.Why on earth didn't you tell me the truth? 你到底為什麼不跟我說實話?
060.I'm about t o explode! 我肺都快要氣炸了!
061.What a stupid idiot! 真是白癡一個!
062.I'm not going to put up with this! 我再也受不了啦!
063.I never want to see your face again! 我再也不要見到你!<>064.That's terrible. 真糟糕!
065.Just look at what you've done! 看看你都做了些什麼!
066.I wish I had never met you. 我真後悔這輩子遇到你!
067.You're a disgrace. 你真丟人!
068.I'll never forgive you! 我永遠都不會饒恕你!
069.Don't nag me! 別在我面前嘮叨!
070.I'm sick of it. 我都膩了。
071.You're such a bitch! 你這個婊子!
072.Stop screwing/fooling/messing around! 別鬼混了!
073.Mind your own business! 管好你自己的事!
074.You're just a good for nothing bum! 你真是一個廢物!/你一無是處!
075.You've gone too far! 你太過分了!
076.I loathe you! 我討厭你!
077.I detest you! 我恨你!
078.Get the hell out of here! 滾開!
079.Don't be that way! 別那樣!
080.Can't you do anything right? 成事不足,敗事有餘。
081.You 're impossible. 你真不可救藥。
082.Don't touch me! 別碰我!
083.Get away from me! 離我遠一點兒!
084.Get out of my life. 我不願再見到你。/從我的生命中消失吧。
085.You're a joke! 你真是一個小丑!
086.Don't give me your attitude. 別跟我擺架子。
087.You'll be sorry. 你會後悔的。
088.We're through. 我們完了!
089.Look at the mess you've made! 你搞得一團糟!
090.You've ruined everything. 全都讓你搞砸了。
091.I can't believe your never. 你好大的膽子!
092.You're away too far. 你太過分了。
093.I can't take you any more! 我再也受不了你啦!
094.I'm telling you for the last time! 我最後再告訴你一次!
095.I could kill you! 我宰了你!
096.That's the stupidest thing I've ever heard! 那是我聽到的最愚蠢的事!
097.I can't believe a word you say. 我才不信你呢!
098.You never tell the truth! 你從來就不說實話!
099.Don't push me ! 別逼我!
100.Enough is enough! 夠了夠了!
101.Don't waste my time anymore. 別再浪費我的時間了!
102.Don't make so much noise.I’m working. 別吵,我在幹活。
103.It's unfair. 太不公平了。
104.I'm very disappointed. 真讓我失望。
105.Don't panic! 別怕!
106.What do you think you are doing? 你知道你在做什麼嗎?
107.Don't you dare come back again! 你敢再回來!
108.You asked for it. 你自找的。
109.Nonsense! 鬼話

2009年4月13日 星期一

小吃英文

【早點】
a.. 燒餅   Clay oven rolls
b.. 油條   Fried bread stick
c.. 韭菜盒  Fried leek dumplings
d.. 水餃   Boiled dumplings
e.. 蒸餃   Steamed dumplings
f.. 饅頭   Steamed buns
g.. 割包   Steamed sandwich
h.. 飯糰   Rice and vegetable roll
i.. 蛋餅   Egg cakes
j.. 皮蛋   100-year egg
k.. 鹹鴨蛋  Salted duck egg
l.. 豆漿   Soybean milk
m.. 米漿  Rice & peanut milk

【飯類】
a.. 稀飯   Rice porridge
b.. 白飯   Plain white rice
c.. 油飯   Glutinous oil rice
d.. 糯米飯  Glutinous rice
e.. 滷肉飯  Braised pork rice
f.. 蛋炒飯  Fried rice with egg
g.. 地瓜粥  Sweet potato congee

【麵類】
a.. 餛飩麵  Wonton & noodles
b.. 刀削麵  Sliced noodles
c.. 麻辣麵  Spicy hot noodles
d.. 麻醬麵  Sesame paste noodles
e.. 鴨肉麵  Duck with noodles
f.. 鵝肉麵  Goose with noodles
g.. 鱔魚麵  Eel noodles
h.. 烏龍麵  Seafood noodles
i.. 蚵仔麵線 Oyster thin noodles
j.. 板條   Flat noodles
k.. 米粉   Rice noodles
l.. 炒米粉  Fried rice noodles
m.. 冬粉   Green bean noodle
n.. 榨菜肉絲麵  Pork , pickled mustard green noodles

【湯類】
a.. 魚丸湯  Fish ball soup
b.. 貢丸湯  Meat ball soup
c.. 蛋花湯  Egg & vegetable soup
d.. 蛤蜊湯  Clams soup
e.. 蚵仔湯  Oyster soup
f.. 紫菜湯  Seaweed soup
g.. 酸辣湯  Sweet & sour soup
h.. 餛飩湯  Wonton soup
i.. 豬腸湯  Pork intestine soup
j.. 肉羹湯  Pork thick soup
k.. 花枝湯  Squid soup
l.. 花枝羹  Squid thick soup

【甜點】
a.. 愛玉   Vegetarian gelatin
b.. 糖葫蘆  Tomatoes on sticks
c.. 長壽桃  Longevity Peaches
d.. 芝麻球  Glutinous rice sesame balls
e.. 麻花   Hemp flowers
f.. 雙胞胎  Horse hooves

【冰類】
a.. 綿綿冰  Mein mein ice
b.. 麥角冰  Oatmeal ice
c.. 地瓜冰  Sweet potato ice
d.. 八寶冰  Eight treasures ice
e.. 豆花   Tofu pudding
f.. 紅豆牛奶冰  Red bean with milk ice

【果汁】
a.. 甘蔗汁  Sugar cane juice
b.. 酸梅汁  Plum juice
c.. 楊桃汁  Star fruit juice
d.. 青草茶  Herb juice

【點心】
a.. 蚵仔煎  Oys! ter omelet
b.. 棺材板  Coffin
c.. 臭豆腐  Stinky tofu
d.. 油豆腐  Oily bean curd
e.. 麻辣豆腐 Spicy hot bean curd
f.. 天婦羅  Tenpura
g.. 蝦片   Prawn cracker
h.. 蝦球   Shrimp balls
i.. 春捲   Spring rolls
j.. 雞捲   Chicken rolls
k.. 碗糕    Salty rice pudding
l.. 筒仔米糕 Rice tube pudding
m.. 紅豆糕  Red bean cake
n.. 綠豆糕  Bean paste cake
o.. 豬血糕  Pigs blood cake
p.. 糯米糕  Glutinous rice cakes
q.. 芋頭糕  Taro cake
r.. 肉圓   Taiwanese Meatballs
s.. 水晶餃  Pyramid dumplings
t.. 肉丸   Rice-meat dumplings
u.. 蘿蔔糕  Fried white radish patty
v.. 豆干   Dried tofu

【其他】
a.. 當歸鴨  Angelica duck
b.. 檳榔   Betel nut

職稱英文

Accounting Assistant 會計助理
Accounting Clerk 記帳員
Accounting Manager 會計部經理
Accounting Stall 會計部職員
Accounting Supervisor 會計主管
Administration Manager 行政經理
Administration Staff 行政人員
Administrative Assistant 行政助理
Administrative Clerk 行政辦事員
Advertising Staff 廣告工作人員
Airlines Sales Representative 航空公司定座員
Airlines Staff 航空公司職員
Application Engineer 應用工程師
Assistant Manager 副經理
Bond Analyst 證券分析員
Bond Trader 證券交易員
Business Controller 業務主任
Business Manager 業務經理
Buyer 采購員
Cashier 出納員
Chemical Engineer 化學工程師
Civil Engineer 土木工程師
Clerk/Receptionist 職員/接待員
Clerk Typist & Secretary 文書打字兼秘書
Computer Data Input Operator 計算機資料輸入員
Computer Engineer 計算機工程師
Computer Processing Operator 計算機處理操作員
Computer System Manager 計算機系統部經理
Copywriter 廣告文字撰稿人
Deputy General Manager 副總經理
Economic Research Assistant 經濟研究助理
Electrical Engineer 電氣工程師
Engineering Technician 工程技術員
English Instructor/Teacher 英語教師
Export Sales Manager 外銷部經理
Export Sales Staff 外銷部職員
Financial Controller 财務主任
Financial Reporter 财務報告人
F.X. (Foreign Exchange)Clerk 外彙部職員
F.X. Settlement Clerk 外彙部核算員
Fund Manager 财務經理
General Auditor 審計長
General Manager/ President 總經理
General Manager Assistant 總經理助理
General Manager's Secretary 總經理秘書
Hardware Engineer 計算機硬件工程師
Import Liaison Staff 進口聯絡員
Import Manager 進口部經理
Insurance Actuary 保險公司理賠員
International Sales Staff 國際銷售員
Interpreter 口語翻譯
Legal Adviser 法律顧問
Line Supervisor 生産線主管
Maintenance Engineer 維修工程師
Management Consultant 管理顧問
Manager 經理
Manager for Public Relations 公關部經理
Manufacturing Engineer 制造工程師
Manufacturing Worker 生産員工
Market Analyst 市場分析員
Market Development Manager 市場開發部經理
Marketing Manager 市場銷售部經理
Marketing Staff 市場銷售員
Marketing Assistant 銷售助理
Marketing Executive 銷售主管
Marketing Representative 銷售代表
Marketing Representative Manager 市場調研部經理
Mechanical Engineer 機械工程師
Mining Engineer 采礦工程師
Music Teacher 音樂教師
Naval Architect 造船工程師
Office Assistant 辦公室助理
Office Clerk 職員
Operational Manager 業務經理
Package Designer 包裝設計師
Passenger Reservation Staff 乘客票位預訂員
Personnel Clerk 人事部職員
Personnel Manager 人事部經理
Plant/ Factory Manager 廠長
Postal Clerk 郵政人員
Private Secretary 私人秘書
Product Manager 生産部經理
Production Engineer 産品工程師
Professional Staff 專業人員
Programmer 電腦程序設計師
Project Staff 項目策劃人員
Promotional Manager 推售部經理
Proof-reader 校對員
Purchasing Agent 采購進貨員
Quality Control Engineer 質量管理工程師
Real Estate Staff 房地産職員
Recruitment Co-ordinator 招聘協調人
Regional Manger 地區經理
Research&.Development Engineer 研究開發工程師
Restaurant Manager 飯店經理
Sales and Planning Staff 銷售計劃員
Sales Assistant 銷售助理
Sales Clerk 店員、售貨員
Sales Coordinator 銷售協調人
Sales Engineer 銷售工程師
Sales Executive 銷售主管
Sales Manager 銷售部經理
Salesperson 銷售員
Seller Representative 銷售代表
Sales Supervisor 銷售監管
School Registrar 學校注冊主任
Secretarial Assistant 秘書助理
Secretary 秘書
Securities Custody Clerk 保安人員
Security Officer 安全人員
Senior Accountant 高級會計
Senior Consultant/Adviser 高級顧問
Senior Employee 高級雇員
Senior Secretary 高級秘書
Service Manager 服務部經理
Simultaneous Interpreter 同聲傳譯員
Software Engineer 計算機軟件工程師
Supervisor 監管員
Systems Adviser 系統顧問
Systems Engineer 系統工程師
Systems Operator 系統操作員
Technical Editor 技術編輯
Technical Translator 技術翻譯
Technical Worker 技術工人
Telecommunication Executive電訊(電信)員
Telephonist / Operator 電話接線員、話務員
Tourist Guide 導遊
Trade Finance Executive 貿易财務主管
Trainee Manager 培訓部經理
Translation Checker 翻譯核對員
Translator 翻譯員
Trust Banking Executive 銀行高級職員
Typist 打字員

2009年4月9日 星期四

轉貼-旅行英語

[英語] 旅行英語


在進入正題前,我們首先要對「觀光旅遊」英語有一個基本認知: 和 「新聞」, 「商務」 等其他英語一樣,它們都是使用同樣26個字母,遵循同樣文法規則, 發音讀法一樣,拼字句型如一, 若有不同,只不過是在字義上(例一:“security”, 安全, “securities”,期貨) 或類型上,(例二: “How are you?” (正式), “How’s going?” (半正式), “What’s new?” 或 “What’s happening?” (非正式), 因領域範圍功能等因素不同而有所差異。所以「如何學」? 就如在學校內學習任何科目一般: 多讀,多聽, 多背,和多用,自然而然就可熟能生巧!

除了上述認知外,我們還要有一個正確觀念,那就是能在「語文」 和「語言」之間做區分。「語言」旨在溝通,所以流利(fluency)與否成為衡量基準;所以精准(accuracy) 則成為評鑒依歸。若就四技來分隔,「聽」 與 「說」應屬前者表現; 「讀」 與 「寫」則是後者重心。但上述區隔絕不代表絕對地分割;能使用語言少不了語文基礎,能欣賞語文又少不得對語言精練使用。所以「如何學」? 答案: 就如同在學校內修習任何科目一樣:多讀,多聽,多背,多用,自然而然就可熟能生巧!

現在言歸正傳,譬如說王小明想利用暑期到美國旅遊進修,那王小明在心理上該有甚麼準備而在實際上又該有那些作法?
1. Getting Ready! (工欲善其事,必先利其器)
applying for a valid passport(申請有效護照),visa to the U.S.(美簽), booking/reserving airline ticket through travel agency/on Internet (透過旅行社或泡網預訂機票),vaccination (檢疫),money exchange (兌換外幣),packing (行李打包) 等基本準備。
2. Welcome to the U. S. A. (入境)
arriving at the airport (到達),filling out immigration for(I-94) (填寫移民局表格), going through customs (海關申報),asking for directions (搞清東南西北),making connecting flights (轉機) 等流程。
3. Communicating by computer, phone, and mail. (連系)
Using Blackberry (機場無線泡網),pay phone (公共電話),mail services (郵政服務),talking to the operator (電話對答),taking and leaving messages (受話留言), sending and picking up mails, telegrams and messages (寄發收取郵件消息) 等運作。
4. Getting around (行無礙)
riding public transportation in the city (市內大眾運輸工具),renting a car: asking for and giving detailed information on fees, insurance and maintenance (租車自由行), reading schedules (看懂時刻表), getting from city to city by bus, train, car and plane (跨市越州旅行)。
5. Places to stay (居不易)
finding a room for the night (打尖住宿),having things for you (旅館住處內各種設施服務),taking care of your clothes (自住洗衣或外送),finding what’s nearby (認識周遭環境)。
6. Handling your money(金錢處理)
banking services, cash, credit card and traveler check (金融服務,現金,信用卡,和旅行支票),having money wired (匯款),going shopping (血拼)。
7. Getting something to eat(食為先)
finding restaurants you like(遍嘗美食),reading the menu and ordering (點餐),asking about and describing food (餐飲查詢),trying to cook on your own (君子近庖廚)。
8. In case you get sick(天有不測風雲:衛生保健)
seeing doctors (看診),making appointment (預約),asking and talking about your health (說明身體狀況),describing your symptoms (病況說明),getting medicines and prescriptions you need (購藥與處方簽)。
9. Enjoy your free time (快樂逍遙遊)。
using newspapers and magazines to find out what’s happening 娛樂活動藝文資訊), reading ads and posters about different events (海報文宣)。
10. Being a welcome guest (做客之道)
Staying at someone’s house(借宿),agreeing to/turning down your host’s suggestions/offers or getting out something politely (同意或婉拒之道),being invited to parties (應邀赴宴), arranging to get together again (後會有期)。

就像任何表達一樣,觀光英語的使用也不外乎「人」,「事」,「時」「地」,和「物」。當然,別忘了還有「如何」。例如:
人:Who is going to the States with you?
Whose bags are those?
Whom are you going to visit while you are in the States?
事:What’s the purpose of your visit here?
What are you going to do when you are here?
What are the Dos and Don’ts(該做及不該做)while one visits a
foreign country?
時:When will the plane take off?
When will we arrive?
When is the connecting flight?
地:Where is the bus terminal?
Where can I find the nearest convenience store?
Where is the souvenir shop located?
物:What’s the thing crawling over there?
Which would you prefer? Chicken or beef?
What is the drink made of/with?
如何:How far is the train station from here?
How can I get to the Metropolitan Museum?
Why is that he could play it twice and only once for me?

有了以上的認識,把這些觀念融入從小學到大的基本句型中。例如:
說明句:I am going there with my friends.
I want to visit some relatives, and friends as well if I have time.
I have been dreaming of going to the States since I was a kid.
疑問句:How much is that red sweater?
Do I have to get a valid passport before I can apply for the visa to
the U.S.?
Is there any place you would recommend that’s worthy of visiting?
否定句:I don’t think that’s such a good idea to go there alone.
We have decided not to spend the rest of our trip shopping.
I would rather go somewhere else instead of /than just staying
in the hotel.
命令句:Don’t do anything local people won’t/Do in Rome as Romans do!
Leave it there! The janitor will take care of it.
Watch out! You are too close to the cliff!
驚歎句:What a magnificent view!
What a sight for sore eyes!
What a bargain!

除了上述這些「耳熟能詳」的句型外,別忘了其他的句子結構:
1 主詞+完全不及物動詞:
Plane flies high in the sky.
People laugh happily around the pool.
Stores usually close at 6 pm on weekdays.
2 主詞+不完全不及物動詞+主詞補語:
The trip was great!
The food is excellent!
The price is just about what I can afford.
3 主詞+完成及物動詞+受詞:
I bought this blouse at the Macy’s.
I had the Persian food for the first time last night.
We went to the Disneyland yesterday and had a wonderful time there.
4 主詞+不完全及物動詞+受詞+受詞補語:
I found the whole trip interesting.
I ran into Ms. Wang who is my math teacher in the States.
I saw the bag that I have been wanted for a long time in the mall yesterday.
5 主詞+授與動詞+間接受詞+直接受詞:
I want to buy my family some souvenirs. I want to buy some souvenirs for my family.
They want to give the guide a big tip./ They want to give a big tip to the guide.
We asked the receptionist places to visit before we left the hotel.
6.主詞+授與動詞+間接受詞+直接受詞:
I want to buy my family some souvenirs./ I want to buy some souvenirs for
my family.
They want to give the guide a big tip./ They want to give a big tip to the guide.
We asked the receptionist places to visit before we left the hotel.

至於字彙片語,我不相信有任何一本涉及觀光旅遊的工具書能夠把所有的內容都包含在內;英語實力的增進是日積月累的結果,速成班或雙語手冊只能應急但絕非正確的方法。當然,基本的字彙片語一定要能掌握。例如:

準備出發:
peak/high season(旺季),off/slow season(淡季),book/reserve(預約),tour package(套裝旅遊),paper work(文檔),passport(護照),apply(申請),visa(簽證),certificate of employment(工作證明),financial statement(財力證明),AIT, American Institute, Taiwan(美國在台協會),purpose(目的),staff(工作人員),office clerk(職員),itinerary(行程),sightseeing(觀光),cultural shock(文化衝擊),guidebook(旅遊指南),travel agent/agency(旅行社職員;旅行社),one-way ticket(單程機票),round-trip ticket(來回機票),direct flight(直飛班機),discount(折扣),internet(信息網),web page(網頁),web site(網站),valid(有效的),budget(預算),insurance(保險),pamphlet(文宣傳單),brochure(小冊 子),flight attendant(空服員),reasonable(合理的),hotel chain(連鎖旅館),check-list(列表),organizer(筆記本),money belt(秘密錢袋),(photo)copy(影本),stash(藏塞),carry-on bag(隨身行李),check-in bag(寄運行李),expiry date(到期日)。

食:
shopping list(購物列表),snack(零食),produce(農產品),organic(有機的),yummy(好吃的),GMF(Genetic Modified Food;基因改造食品),calorie(卡路里),coupon(折價卷),grocery(雜貨),label(標籤),cash or charge(現金或記帳),dairy product(奶類製品),super market(超級市場),food mart(食物商場),convenience store(便利商品),mom-and-pop store(街坊小鋪),waiter/waitress(男/女服務生),order(點餐),house wine(例酒/招牌酒),roast(烤),grill(炙),allergic to(對、、敏感),bite(吃;當名詞用:to grab a bite),brunch(早午餐;breakfast+lunch),caffeine(咖啡因),de-cafe(無咖啡因),combo(套 餐;combination),deli(熟食店;delicatessen),dressing(沙拉醬),dipping(沾 醬),stuffing(填充物),topping(澆汁,澆醬),hors d’oeuvres(開胃菜),hostess(餐廳領班),junk food(垃圾食品,泛指高熱量),recipe(食譜)。

衣:
ad(廣告;advertisement),shopping mall(購物中心),outlet(物流或暢貨中心),menswear/womenswear/childreswear (男/女/童裝部),sportswear(運動衣),footwear(鞋部),luxuries(精品),formal(正式),casual(一 般),XL(加大;extra large),M(中號;medium),S(小號;small),XS/petite(超小號;袖珍),price tag(標籤價),fade(退色),shrink(縮水),10% off(九折),shirt(裙),dress(洋裝),pants(長褲),suit(西裝;套裝),dress shirt(搭配西裝的襯衫),blouse(女性襯衫),apparel(服裝配飾),fitting room(試衣間),alternate(更改),gift-wrapping(禮品包裝),exchange(以物易物),refund(退貨換 錢),invoice(發票),receipt(收據)。

住:
accommodate(留宿),B&B(民宿;bed & breakfast),hotel(旅館),motel(汽車旅館),lodge(旅店),room and board(膳宿),hostel(青年旅館),camp(宿營;營區),single/single bed(單人房;單人床),double/double bed(雙人房;雙人床),suite(套房),twin bed(較標準雙人床大些的床),queen-size bed(大床),king-size bed(加大床),facilities(設施),equipment(設備),kitchenette(附設小廚房),laundry(洗衣 店),laundromat(自助洗),cafeteria(自助式餐廳),banquet hall(宴會廳),lounge(酒吧),business center(商務中心),receptionist (接待人員),check-in/out counter(住房/退房櫃檯),cashier(出納),house-keeping(房間整理),room service(客房服務),wake-up service(叫起床),service change(服務費),lobby(大廳)vacancy(有空房間),Jacuzzi(按摩浴缸),whirlpool(漩渦式浴缸)

行:
shuttle bus(接駁公車),door-to-door pick-up service(到府接送),bus stop(路邊巴士站),bus terminal/depot(巴士總站),cab/taxi/cabbie(計程車),meter rate(照表收費),flat rate(不二價),car rental(租車公司),international driver’s license(國際駕照),daily/weekly/monthly rate(日/周/月租),weekly/monthly pass(周/月月票),bus/boat/airplane fare(巴士/船/機票費),fee(費用;用在使用某種設備或服務時),timetable(時間表),rest stop(休息站),subway(地下鐵),token(進出車站的代幣)。

育樂:
classified ads(分類廣告),billboard(廣告看板),box office(賣票處),cable TV(有線電視),prime time(黃金時段),soap opera(午間連續劇),theater(戲院),movie theater/cinema(電影院),concert hall(音樂廳),sports events(體育活動),football stadium(足球場),volleyball/basketball court(排/籃球場),gym(體育館),fitness center(健身房),pump iron(健身),comedy(喜劇),melo-drama(戲劇),thrill/horror(驚悚恐怖),musical(音 樂),suspense(懸疑),R&R(搖滾樂;Rock & Roll),R&B(節奏藍調;Rhythm & Blue),classical music(古典音樂),rap(饒舌歌)。

轉貼-英語口語-高興時的說法

●欣喜
我很高興/幸福。
I'm happy.
How's your new home? (新家怎么樣?)
I'm happy. (我很幸福。)
I'm ecstatic. (我高興得忘乎所以了。) *希望進一步強調心情非常激動的感覺時。
I'm thrilled. (我太激動了。)
我高興極了。
I'm so happy.
I feel so happy. (我非常高興。)
I'm in heaven. (我好像到了天堂。)
呀嗬!
Yahoo! *表示高興和喜悅的心情時。
哇!/太棒了!/好家伙!
Oh, boy! *表示高興、驚喜的同時,也表示稍覺為難的心情。注意,沒有Oh, girl!的說法。
We're going camping next week. (下星期我們去宿營。)
Oh, boy! (哇-!)
I lost my keys! (我把鑰匙丟了。)
Oh, boy! (哦!這下糟了。)
哇!/呀!/棒極了!
Wow! *表示高興、驚喜、贊嘆。“啊”。
Look at the view! (看那邊的景色!)
Wow! It's great. (哇!太漂亮了!)
哇!/棒極了!
Yeah! *表示同意、贊成。比Yes要隨便、粗魯。
School is canceled today. (今天學校放假!)
Yeah! (哇-!)
哈哈!/太棒了!
Whoopee! *孩子用來表示幸福的詞,如果大人使用,聽上去含有諷刺的意味。
We're going to Disneyland! (我們要去迪斯尼樂園了。)
Whoopee! (啊!)
He got the promotion. (他升官了。)
Whoopee. (啊?)
聽到這消息我很高興。
I'm glad to hear it.
I'm happy you told me.
That's great to hear.
I'm relieved to hear that. (聽了那個消息,我就放心了。)
謝天謝地……
I'm glad that...
I'm glad that the exams are over. (謝天謝地考完了。)
感覺好極了。
I feel like a million dollars. *million 是100萬。
我從沒有這么高興過。
I've never been this happy.
I've never been as happy as I am now.
This is the happiest moment in my life.
This is the best moment of my life.
I couldn't be happier.
真是個好消息。
That's good news.
I heard John got married. (我聽說約翰結婚了。)
That's good news. (真是個好消息。)
That's welcome news!
那太棒了!/太好了!
What fun!
Let's go dancing. (我們去跳舞吧。)
What fun! (那太好了!)
How fun!
舒服極了!
I feel great!
It's a nice day! (今天的天氣真好!)
I feel great! (舒服極了。)
I feel wonderful!
I feel good!
I feel fantastic!
I feel terrific! *進一步強調“舒服”的說法。
我今天的心情很好。
I'm in a good mood today.
The boss is in a good mood. (老板的心情很好。)
I'm in a bad mood today. (我今天心情不好。)
我期待著今年的夏天。
I'm looking forward to this summer.
Do you have any plans? (有什么打算嗎?)
I can hardly wait until this summer. (我都等不及到夏天了。) *口語化的說法。
I'm looking forward to seeing you. (我期待著能見到您。)
今天你看上去很高興啊!
You look happy today.
Yes. I got a raise. (是呀,我漲工資了。)
You seem really happy today.
高興得飄飄欲仙。
I'm walking on air. *直譯是“在天上走”,表達仿佛登上了天似的極其高興的心情。
我高興得跳了起來。
I jumped for joy.
這簡直不敢讓人相信。
This is too good to be true. *聽到了非常好的消息時。
We're having a baby. (我們有孩子了!)
This is too good to be true. (這簡直讓人不敢相信。)
It's unbelievable. (這無法讓人相信。)
Too good to be true.
沒有比這更讓人高興的了。
Nothing could be more wonderful.
Nothing would please me more.
Nothing could be nicer.
你使我感覺到了幸福。
You made me happy.
Did you receive my birthday card? (你收到我給你的生日賀卡了嗎?)
Yes, you made me happy. Thank you. (收到了,我太幸福了。謝謝。)
成功了!
I made it! *用來表現自己“成功了!”、“達到某個目標”時。如果是對對方說時用You did it!。
Did you pass the exam? (考試通過了嗎?)
I made it! (通過了。)
I did it!
你干得不錯!
You did it!
I've got a new job! (我找到了一個新工作。)
You did it! (太好了!)
Alright!
Yeah!
真運氣!
Lucky!
I won the lottery! (我中獎了。)
Lucky! (真走運。)
今天的運氣真好。
I lucked out today. *美國的俚語說法。
Didn't that policeman give you a ticket? (那個警察沒給你開違反交規的罰單嗎?)
No, he didn't. I lucked out today. (沒有,我今天的運氣可真好。)
I was lucky today.
Today's my lucky day.
I feel lucky today.
I'm in luck today.
你真走運。
It's your lucky day.
I found $10.00 on the street. (我在街上揀了10美元。)
It's your lucky day. (你真走運。)
That's fortunate. (真有好運氣。)
You got lucky.
感謝上帝!/謝天謝地。
Thank heavens! *heaven是基督教所說的“天堂”,即“神和天使住的地方”。直譯為“感謝天堂里的神”。
We didn't crash. (我們差點撞上。)
Thank heavens! (謝天謝地。)
Thank God!
Thank goodness!
我中頭彩了!
I hit the jackpot! *原意是賭博時贏得很多錢。一般用于“中了頭彩”、“獲得巨大成功”時。
What luck! (太走運了!)
I struck it rich! (我發了筆橫財。) *這句是從“挖到富礦”派生出來的一種表達方式。struck是strike的過去式。
只是運氣好。
I was just lucky. *用just或pure強調“只是運氣好而已”。
It was just luck.
It was pure luck.
美夢成真!
It's a dream come true!
真幸運呀!
Talk about luck.
Mike got a raise! (邁克加薪了!)
Talk about luck! (他可真走運!)
This must be my lucky day!
Things are really going my way!
What a lucky day!
就是這個!
This is it! *用于找到了一直在找的東西時。
What is a good gift for Tracy? (送特蕾西什么禮物好呢?)
This is it! (就這個吧!)
This is just what I was looking for. (這正是我要找的。)
就這么定了。
It's settled!
Why don't we go to New York? (我們干嗎不去紐約呀?)
It's settled! (是呀!就這么定了。)
That settles it!
聽起來不錯!
Sounds great! *聽到對方的建議后表達自己同意的意見時。
Let's go dancing tonight! (今天晚上去跳舞吧!)
Sounds great! (嗯,好主意!)
It sounds great!
That sounds great!
真不錯。
Looks great! *看到什么人或什么物,發出“真棒”的感嘆時。
Look at that salad bar. (你看那個沙拉長條桌。)
Looks great! (看起來不錯!)
It looks great!
That looks great!

●放心
啊!可以松口氣了!
What a relief!
I passed! What a relief. (我通過了,總算可以松口氣了。)
Good for you. (太好了。)
That's a relief! (總算放心了。)
I'm relieved.
Everything worked out well. (所有的事都解決好了。)
I'm relieved. (我總算可以松口氣了。)
I feel relieved.
I feel a lot better now.
嚇我一跳!
I'm surprised! *因意想不到的事情使得情況發生突然的變化,而使人吃驚、嚇了一跳時。
Happy birthday! (生日快樂!)
I'm surprised! (嚇我一跳!)
What a surprise!
好了!這下放心了!/唷-!(吹口哨的聲音。)
Whew! *表示終于可以回避問題,松一口氣的心情。發音就如同吹口哨一樣。
Whew! (好了!這下放心了!)
We made it! (干得不錯!)
Thank goodness!
Thank God!
啊!
Aah! *表示心情放松、高興和嘆息,一般只用于自言自語。
聽這么一說,我就放心了。
I felt relieved to hear that. *relieve 可以表示放下心來、安心的心情。
Did you hear that the meeting went well?(你聽說了嗎?那個會開得很順利。)
Yes, I felt relieved to hear that. (聽說了,這么一來我就放心了。)
I was relieved to hear that.
I felt much better after hearing that.
終于到了。
Here we are at last. *Here we are. 是固定短語,表示“到了”。
Here we are at last. (終于到了。)
Home sweet home. (還是自己的家好!)
We've finally arrived.
可算擺脫了。
Good riddance. *riddance 表示“擺脫煩惱、麻煩”。
He finally left. (他終于回去了。)
Good riddance. (太好了,他可算走了。)
I'm glad they're gone.